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"The Omnivores Dilemma": The Effect of Autumn Diet on Winter Physiology and Condition of Juvenile Antarctic Krill
https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/search/concepts/C2532074577-AMD_USAPDC.xmlDescription:Antarctic krill are essential in the Southern Ocean as they support vast numbers of marine mammals, seabirds and fishes, some of which feed almost exclusively on krill. Antarctic krill also constitute a target species for industrial fisheries in the Southern Ocean. The success of Antarctic krill populations is largely determined by the ability of their young to survive the long, dark winter, where food is extremely scarce. To survive the long-dark winter, young Antarctic krill must have a high-quality diet in autumn. However, warming in certain parts of Antarctica is changing the dynamics and quality of the polar food web, resulting in a shift in the type of food available to young krill in autumn. It is not yet clear how these dynamic changes are affecting the ability of krill to survive the winter. This project aims to fill an important gap in current knowledge on an understudied stage of the Antarctic krill life cycle, the 1-year old juveniles. The results derived from this work will contribute to the development of improved bioenergetic, population and ecosystem models, and will advance current scientific understanding of this critical Antarctic species. This CAREER project's core education and outreach objectives seek to enhance education and increase diversity within STEM fields. An undergraduate course will be developed that will integrate undergraduate research and writing in way that promotes authentic scientific inquiry and analysis of original research data by the students, and that enhances their communication skills. A graduate course will be developed that will promote students' skills in communicating their own research to a non-scientific audience. Graduate students will be supported through the proposed study and will gain valuable research experience. Traditionally underserved undergraduate students will be recruited to conduct independent research under the umbrella of the larger project. Throughout each field season, the research team will maintain a weekly blog that will include short videos, photographs and text highlighting the research, as well as their experiences living and working in Antarctica. The aim of the blog will be to engage the public and increase awareness and understanding of Antarctic ecosystems and the impact of warming, and of the scientific process of research and discovery. In this 5-year CAREER project, the investigator will use a combination of empirical and theoretical techniques to assess the effects of diet on 1-year old krill in autumn-winter. The research is centered on four hypotheses: (H1) autumn diet affects 1-year old krill physiology and condition at the onset of winter; (H2) autumn diet has an effect on winter physiology and condition of 1-year old krill under variable winter food conditions; (H3) the rate of change in physiology and condition of 1-year old krill from autumn to winter is dependent on autumn diet; and (H4) the winter energy budget of 1-year old krill will vary between years and will be dependent on autumn diet. Long-term feeding experiments and in situ sampling will be used to measure changes in the physiology and condition of krill in relation to their diet and feeding environment. Empirically-derived data will be used to develop theoretical models of growth rates and energy budgets to determine how diet will influence the overwinter survival of 1-year old krill. The research will be integrated with an education and outreach plan to (1) develop engaging undergraduate and graduate courses, (2) train and develop young scientists for careers in polar research, and (3) engage the public and increase their awareness and understanding. This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.
Links: Temporal Extent: Spatial Extent:Minimum Bounding Rectangle: -65 -65 -64 -62AMD_USAPDC Short Name: USAP-1753101 Version ID: 1 Unique ID: C2532074577-AMD_USAPDC
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'Latent reserves' within the Swiss NFI
https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/search/concepts/C1931110427-SCIOPS.xmlDescription:The files refer to the data used in Portier et al. "‘Latent reserves’: a hidden treasure in National Forest Inventories" (2020) *Journal of Ecology*. **'Latent reserves'** are defined as plots in National Forest Inventories (NFI) that have been free of human influence for >40 to >70 years. They can be used to investigate and acquire a deeper understanding of attributes and processes of near-natural forests using existing long-term data. To determine which NFI sample plots could be considered ‘latent reserves’, criteria were defined based on the information available in the Swiss NFI database: * Shrub forests were excluded. * Plots must have been free of any kind of management, including salvage logging or sanitary cuts, for a minimum amount of time. Thresholds of 40, 50, 60 and 70 years without intervention were tested. * To ensure that species composition was not influenced by past management, plots where potential vegetation was classified as deciduous by Ellenberg & Klötzli (1972) had to have an observed proportion of deciduous trees matching the theoretical proportion expected in a natural deciduous forest, as defined by Kienast, Brzeziecki, & Wildi (1994). * Plots had to originate from natural regeneration. * Intensive livestock grazing must never have occurred on the plots. The tables stored here were derived from the first, second and third campaigns of the Swiss NFI. The raw data from the Swiss NFI can be provided free of charge within the scope of a contractual agreement (http://www.lfi.ch/dienstleist/daten-en.php). **** The files 'Data figure 2' to 'Data figure 8' are publicly available and contain the data used to produce the figures published in the paper. The files 'Plot-level data for characterisation of 'latent reserves' and 'Tree-level data for characterisation of 'latent reserves' contain all the data required to reproduce the section of the article concerning the characterisation of 'latent reserves' and the comparison to managed forests. The file 'Data for mortality analyses' contains the data required to reproduce the section of the article concerning tree mortality in 'latent reserves'. The access to these three files is restricted as they contain some raw data from the Swiss NFI, submitted to the Swiss law and only accessible upon contractual agreement.
Links: Temporal Extent: Spatial Extent:Minimum Bounding Rectangle: 45.81802 5.95587 47.80838 10.49203Polygon: 45.81802 10.49203 47.80838 10.49203 47.80838 5.95587 45.81802 5.95587 45.81802 10.49203SCIOPS Short Name: latent-reserves-in-the-swiss-nfi Version ID: 1.0 Unique ID: C1931110427-SCIOPS
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(U-Th)/He ages from the Kukri Hills of southern Victoria Land
https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/search/concepts/C1214587974-SCIOPS.xmlDescription:The data set consists of (U-Th)/He ages collected from three vertical profiles from the the Kukri Hills (north side of the Ferrar Glacier) of Southern Victoria Land. The data set provides information on the cooling history and hence the denduation history of the Transantarctic Mountains in this area. Analyses were all carried out at the (U-Th)/He lab of Ken Farley at the Californai Institute of Technology.
Links: Temporal Extent: Spatial Extent:Minimum Bounding Rectangle: -77.7 162.7 -77.7 162.7SCIOPS Short Name: KUKRI_He Version ID: Not provided Unique ID: C1214587974-SCIOPS
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0.5 hour 1 M HCl extraction data for the Windmill Islands marine sediments
https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/search/concepts/C1214305813-AU_AADC.xmlDescription:These results are for the 0.5 hour extraction of HCl. See also the metadata records for the 4 hour extraction of HCl, and the time trial data for 1 M HCl extractions. A regional survey of potential contaminants in marine or estuarine sediments is often one of the first steps in a post-disturbance environmental impact assessment. Of the many different chemical extraction or digestion procedures that have been proposed to quantify metal contamination, partial acid extractions are probably the best overall compromise between selectivity, sensitivity, precision, cost and expediency. The extent to which measured metal concentrations relate to the anthropogenic fraction that is bioavailable is contentious, but is one of the desired outcomes of an assessment or prediction of biological impact. As part of a regional survey of metal contamination associated with Australia's past waste management activities in Antarctica, we wanted to identify an acid type and extraction protocol that would allow a reasonable definition of the anthropogenic bioavailable fraction for a large number of samples. From a kinetic study of the 1 M HCl extraction of two certified Certified Reference Materials (MESS-2 and PACS-2) and two Antarctic marine sediments, we concluded that a 4 hour extraction time allows the equilibrium dissolution of relatively labile metal contaminants, but does not favour the extraction of natural geogenic metals. In a regional survey of 88 marine samples from the Casey Station area of East Antarctica, the 4 h extraction procedure correlated best with biological data, and most clearly identified those sediments thought to be contaminated by runoff from abandoned waste disposal sites. Most importantly the 4 hour extraction provided better definition of the low to moderately contaminated locations by picking up small differences in anthropogenic metal concentrations. For the purposes of inter-regional comparison, we recommend a 4 hour 1 M HCl acid extraction as a standard method for assessing metal contamination in Antarctica. The fields in this dataset are Location Site Replicate Antimony Arsenic Cadmium Chromium Copper Iron Lead Manganese Nickel Silver Tin Zinc
Links: Temporal Extent: Spatial Extent:Minimum Bounding Rectangle: -66 110 -66 110AU_AADC Short Name: ASAC_2201_HCL_0.5 Version ID: 1 Unique ID: C1214305813-AU_AADC
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1-100Hz ULF/ELF Electromagnetic Wave Observation at Syowa Station
https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/search/concepts/C1214590112-SCIOPS.xmlDescription:1-100Hz ULF/ELF Electromagnetic Wave Observation at Syowa Station
Links: Temporal Extent: Spatial Extent:Minimum Bounding Rectangle: -69 39.6 -69 39.6SCIOPS Short Name: NIPR_UAP_ELF_SYO Version ID: Not provided Unique ID: C1214590112-SCIOPS
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10 Days Synthesis of SPOT VEGETATION Images (VGT-S10)
https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/search/concepts/C2207472890-FEDEO.xmlDescription:The VGT-S10 are near-global or continental, 10-daily composite images which are synthesised from the 'best available' observations registered in the course of every 'dekad' by the orbiting earth observation system SPOT-VEGETATION. The products provide data from all spectral bands (SWIR, NIR, RED, BLUE), the NDVI and auxiliary data on image acquisition parameters. The VEGETATION system allows operational and near real-time applications, at global, continental and regional scales, in very broad environmentally and socio-economically critical fields. The VEGETATION instrument is operational since April 1998, first with VGT1, from March 2003 onwards, with VGT2. More information is available on: https://docs.terrascope.be/#/DataProducts/SPOT-VGT/Level3/Level3
Links: Temporal Extent: Spatial Extent:Minimum Bounding Rectangle: -56 -180 75 180FEDEO Short Name: urn:ogc:def:EOP:VITO:VGT_S10 Version ID: 1 Unique ID: C2207472890-FEDEO
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10 m firn temperature data: LGB traverses 1990-95
https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/search/concepts/C1214313574-AU_AADC.xmlDescription:The Lambert Glacier Basin (LGB) series of five oversnow traverses were conducted from 1989-95. Ten metre depth (10 m) firn temperatures, as a proxy indicator of annual mean surface temperature at a site, were recorded approximately every 30 km along the 2014 km main traverse route from LGB00 (68.6543 S, 61.1201 E) near Mawson Station, to LGB72 (69.9209 S, 76.4933 E) near Davis Station. 10 m depth firn temperatures were recorded manually in field notebooks and the data transferred to spreadsheet files (MS Excel). Summary data (30 km spatial resolution) can be obtained from CRC Research Note No.09 'Surface Mass Balance and Snow Surface Properties from the Lambert Glacier Basin Traverses 1990-94'. This work was completed as part of ASAC projects 3 and 2216. Some of this data have been stored in a very old format. The majority of files have been updated to current formats, but some files (kaleidograph files in particular) were not able to be modified due to a lack of appropriate software. However, these files are simply figures, and can be regenerated from the raw data (also provided). The fields in this dataset are: Latitutde Longitude Height Cane Distance Elevation Density Mass Accumulation Year Delta Oxygen-18 Grain Size Ice Crusts Depth Hoar
Links: Temporal Extent: Spatial Extent:Minimum Bounding Rectangle: -77 54 -69 78AU_AADC Short Name: LGB_10m_traverse Version ID: 1 Unique ID: C1214313574-AU_AADC
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10 sec GPS ground tracking data
https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/search/concepts/C1214586614-SCIOPS.xmlDescription:This data set comprises GPS ground data of a sample rate of 10 sec, generated by decoding and sampling GPS high rate ground data. This raw data passed no quality control. The data are given in the Rinex 2.1 format.
Links: Temporal Extent: Spatial Extent:Minimum Bounding Rectangle: -45.69 -63.51 78.87 170.42SCIOPS Short Name: CH-OG-1-GPS-10S Version ID: 0.0 Unique ID: C1214586614-SCIOPS
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10 year trend of levels of organochlorine pollutants in Antarctic seabirds
https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/search/concepts/C1214305884-AU_AADC.xmlDescription:Metadata record for data from ASAC Project 2357 See the link below for public details on this project. ---- Public Summary from Project ---- Contaminants like PCBs and DDE have hardly been used Antarctica. Hence, this is an excellent place to monitor global background levels of these organochlorines. In this project concentrations in penguins and petrels will be compared to 10 years ago, which will show time trends of global background contamination levels. Data set description From several birds from Hop Island, Rauer Islands near Davis, samples were collected from preenoil (oil that birds excrete to preen their feathers. This preenoil was then analysed for organochlorine pollutants like polychlorinated biphenyls, (PCBs), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), DDE and dieldrin. The species under investigation were the Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) and the Southern Fulmar (Fulmarus glacialoides). The samples were collected from adult breeding birds, and stored in -20 degrees C as soon as possible. The analysis was done with relatively standard but very optimised methods, using a gas-chromatograph and mass-selective detection. Data sheets: The data are available in excel-sheets, located at Alterra, The Netherlands (the affiliation of the PI Nico van den Brink.). Data are available on PCB153 (polychlorinated biphenyl congener numbered 153), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), DDE (a metabolite of the pesticide DDT), and dieldrin (an insecticide). The metadata are in 4 sheets (in meta data 2357.xls): 1. 'Concentrations fulmars' 2. 'Morphometric data fulmars' 3. 'Concentrations Adelies' 4. 'Morphometric data Adelies' The column headings are: 1. 'Concentrations fulmars' - Fulmar: bird number, corresponds with sheet 'morphometric data fulmars'. - PCB153: concentration of PCB-congener 153 (ng/g lipids) - HCB: concentration of hexachlorobenzene (ng/g lipids) - DDE: concentration of DDE (ng/g lipids) - Dieldrin: concentration of dieldrin (ng/g lipids) - Sample size weight of collected amount of preenoil 2. Morphometric data fulmars - Fulmar: bird number, corresponds with sheet 'Concentrations fulmars'. - Bill Length (mm): length of bill (tip to base) - Head Length (mm): length of head (tip of bill to back of head) - Tarsus (mm): length of tarsus - Wing Length (cm): length of right wing - Weight (kg): weight of bird (without bag) 3. 'Concentrations Adelies' Adelie: bird number, corresponds with sheet 'morphometric data Adelies'. - PCB153: concentration of PCB-congener 153 (ng/g lipids) - HCB: concentration of hexachlorobenzene (ng/g lipids) - DDE: concentration of DDE (ng/g lipids) - Dieldrin: concentration of dieldrin (ng/g lipids) - Sample size weight of collected amount of preenoil 4. 'Morphometric data Adelies' - Adelie: bird number, corresponds with sheet 'Concentrations Adelies'. - Bill (mm): length of bill (tip to base) - Head Length (mm): length of head (tip of bill to back of head) - Tarsus (mm): length of tarsus - Flipper Length (cm): length of right flipper (wing) - Weight (kg): weight of bird (without bag) In sheets on concentrations: less than d.l.: concentrations below detection limits.
Links: Temporal Extent: Spatial Extent:Minimum Bounding Rectangle: -68.93 77.59 -68.755 77.99AU_AADC Short Name: ASAC_2357 Version ID: 2 Unique ID: C1214305884-AU_AADC
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10-HS Pfynwald
https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/search/concepts/C1647993129-SCIOPS.xmlDescription:Continuous measurement of soil water content at 10 and 80 cm depth (3 replications) with 10-HS soil moisture probes (Decagon Incorporation, Pullman, WA, USA). ### Purpose: ### Monitoring of the soil water matrix potential ### Paper Citation: ### * Dobbertin, M.; Eilmann, B.; Bleuler, P.; Giuggiola, A.; Graf Pannatier, E.; Landolt, W.; Schleppi, P.; Rigling, A., 2010: Effect of irrigation on needle morphology, shoot and stem growth in a drought-exposed Pinus sylvestris forest. Tree Physiology, 30, 3: 346-360. [doi: 10.1093/treephys/tpp123](http://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpp123)
Links: Temporal Extent: Spatial Extent:Minimum Bounding Rectangle: 46.30279 7.61211 46.30279 7.61211Point: 46.30279 7.61211SCIOPS Short Name: envidat-lwf-34 Version ID: 2019-03-06 Unique ID: C1647993129-SCIOPS
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